The Theme of Freedom in The Adventures of Huckleberry...

Freedom is what defines an individual, it bestows upon someone the power to act, speak, or think without externally imposed restraints. Therefore, enslavement may be defined as anything that impedes one’s ability to express their freedoms. However, complete uncompromised freedom is virtually impossible to achieve within a society due to the contrasting views of people. Within Mark Twain’s 1885 novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, numerous controversies are prevalent throughout the novel, primarily over the issue of racism and the general topic of enslavement. The characters in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn along with their development take an unmistakable, resilient stand against racism and by doing such in direct relation†¦show more content†¦He like the majority of the Deep South’s population was forced to submit to popular religion in the form of Christianity, being racist and not being able to criticize the institution of slavery, as well as acting like a â€Å"proper† boy and being civilized with manors, rules, and restrictions. However, he is the polar opposite of the ideals expressed by his society. Huck is forced to reside with Widow Douglas, he describes the experience in the first chapter, â€Å"She took me†¦ allowed she would sivilize me; but it was rough living in the house all the time †¦ I wanted to smoke, and asked the widow to let me. But she wouldnt. She said†¦ I must try to not do it any more.† (Twain, 2). In this particular environment, Huck is forcefully civilized by the Widow Douglas as well as Miss Watson. This essentially shows an indirect form of slavery in which Huck is forced to do as society and his elders dictate regardless of what he believes in which many of us are also subject to. This enslaves him and leads him to decide that he needs to relocate himself as far away from society as possible. Therefore, he forges his death and runs away meeting Jim on the way. This idea of Huck being controlled by society influences him through the novel, for instance he thinks about turning Jim in because it is wrong to steal since Jim isShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Representation of the Figure of the Slave, and of the Theme of Freedom, in Douglass’s â€Å"Narrative† and Twain’s â€Å"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn†.1445 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresentation of the figure of the slave, and of the theme of freedom, in Douglass’s â€Å"Narrative† and Twain’s â€Å"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn†. The two novels that I am studying are â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain, and â€Å"The Narrative of Frederick Douglass – Written by Himself†. Both these texts give us an insight into the life of slavery and the societal beliefs of the South in America in the nineteenth century. The theme of freedom and the figure of the slave are two common aspectsRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain952 Words   |  4 Pagesand to gain their freedom. Sometimes physical objects can resemble the feelings that a person is feeling. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn he uses the raft, the land, and the river to represent the theme of wanting freedom. In the novel The adventures of Huckleberry Finn there is a theme of wanting freedom, as the story goes on the raft can be a symbol of the theme. The first time that Huck goes aways is right before Pap comes home, this is Huck first chance of freedom because he usesRead MoreR acial Integrity Act Of 1924 And Mildred Loving1479 Words   |  6 Pagesquo of race has been challenged. This couple, along with others, disregarded the norm of opposing interracial relationships, and above all chose love as the only thing that matters. In the play, Othello by William Shakespeare, the book Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, and the article, â€Å"The Meaning Of Serena Williams† by Claudia Rankine, race is a major topic, and it is continuously argued in different ways. The status quo of race is challenged in these written pieces through the use ofRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1130 Words   |  5 Pagesordinary people and freedom in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Civil War and the Industrialization of America were historic to the rise of the realistic period, and contributed to the shaping of it. The authors developed the period with an emphasis on regionalism, transparent language, and character. Comm on themes of racism, class, and freedom emerge during realism. Mark Twain s novel demonstrates the subjects of racism and freedom. As an impact of these themes, Huck s view on JimRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn And Its Characterization951 Words   |  4 PagesBouchey Eng. Hon. 2nd 3 March 2016 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and its Characterization In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, there is a large use of characterization to develop the characters and is influenced by the time period. Mark Twain was born in 1835, and lived to see the Civil War start. This is a big influence on his writing, because his two most famous works, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. They both take place in the time beforeRead MoreGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens and THe Adventures of Hckleberry Finn by Mark Twain669 Words   |  3 PagesGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain are both timeless novels written by well-known authors. In both novels the main character finds himself on a journey where he goes through many ups and downs until he reaches his â€Å"final destination.† While the novels have their similarities they also have many differences. In his writing, Charles Dickens chose to take a more romantic route while Mark Twain c hose to be more realistic in his work. Despite theirRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1423 Words   |  6 PagesDreyson Clark Bouchey 2nd Period English 1 Honors 03/02/2016 1884, secret slavery is still going on. In this book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain was a prime example of how most children were raised to be and how it produced a wrong perception on slaves. Mark Twain wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn because of a direct effect off of his personal experiences in his time. Any difference in another human shouldn’t determine greeting or befriending another person was the messageRead MoreEssay Symbolism: the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1207 Words   |  5 Pagesor relationships (Dictionary.com). Numerous authors use the same denotations to illustrate different thoughts or ideas. Mark Twain uses various symbols, such as the river and the land to expose freedom and trouble in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, uses various concrete objects, such as rivers, to symbolize a diverse range of feelings, emotions, and even actions. The ultimate symbol in the novel is the Mississippi River. RiversRead MoreHuck Finn River Symbolism1067 Words   |  5 PagesIn ï ¿ ½The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnï ¿ ½, the Mississippi River plays several roles and holds a prominent theme throughout much of the story as a whole. Huckleberry Finn and Jim are without a doubt the happiest and most a peace when floating down the river on their raft. However, the river has a much deeper meaning than just a compilation of water. It almost goes to an extent of having its own personality and character traits. The river offers a place for the two characters, Huck and Jim, to escapeRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn1212 Words   |  5 Pagesor relationships (Dictionary.com). Numerous authors use the same denotations to illustrate differ ent thoughts or ideas. Mark Twain uses various symbols, such as the river and the land to expose freedom and trouble in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, uses various concrete objects, such as rivers, to symbolize a diverse range of feelings, emotions, and even actions. The ultimate symbol in the novel is the Mississippi River. Rivers

Essay on Standardized Testing - 1458 Words

The No Child Left Behind Act and Standardized Testing: State, National, and International American Education has been a work in progress for the past century and a half. To measure its progress, successes, and failings, there are standardized tests. These tests have been used to compare schools, states, and nations. The key subjects being tested as a universal measure are mathematics, reading, and science. To help improve the scores on these tests, the United States put into law the No Child Left Behind act in 2001. When mention of this act is made, it brings several serious questions to mind. What is the No Child Left Behind act? What is it doing for our education system on a local, national and international scale? And how does it†¦show more content†¦A pointed question would be: is it working? One of the purposes of standardized testing is to answer that question. In the U.S. today, there is a great deal of emphasis being placed on children passing the many standardized tests that have been imposed. By means of standardization, education can now be weighed an d have its progress tracked. The performance of students is now a matter of numbers and statistics. The most ambitious form of standardized testing as a form of comparison is the Program for International Student Assessment or PISA. This international testing includes 60 nations belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and ranks the performance of 15-year-old students in the core subjects. When the results of the 2009 PISA testing were released, the United States was faced with the harsh reality that our students are falling behind. American students placed 14th in reading literacy, which shows no improvement since 2000, 25th in mathematics, which is still below average, and 17th place in scientific literacy which was an improvement from the below average scores in 2006. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan granted that it was a small victory in his 2009 address, but he remained firm in the fact that America can do better (Duncan, 2010). Such ques tions as why the low scores are being produced and what to do about it are still a matter of heated debate. Members of the Common Core, who wrote an extensiveShow MoreRelatedStandardized Testing1272 Words   |  6 PagesSynthesis Essay on Standardized Testing Standardized testing in the United States started in the mid- 1800’s (Standardized Tests - ProCon.org). This kind of testing was originally created to measure students’ performance and progress in school (Standardized Tests - ProCon.org). In recent years, the public school system has relied heavily on the information this test provides, in doing so creating controversy. Other than being a student myself, and participating in multiple standardized exams such asRead MoreStandardized Testing : Standardized Tests1186 Words   |  5 Pages Standardized Testing Impact Standardized testing is known to improve students’ education, but is it really needed in school? Standardized testing determines whether a student is prepared for the next grade based on their test scores. While some students do great on their test others struggle a lot. Not all students are good test takers; majority of the students do good in school but struggle when it comes down to testing. While many agree that standardized testing helps improve studentsRead MoreStandardized Testing And Standardized Tests1204 Words   |  5 Pagessomething we have all nearly fallen asleep to over our years of standardized tests. I myself can be included with you in that experience and I hope to give you a little more information on these all too familiar tests this afternoon. Today we are going to look at the origins of standardized testing, the purpose of standardized testing, and standardized tests around the world. But first, I want to ask you another question: what is standardized t esting? Is it A) something that has been used for some time inRead MoreStandardized Tests : Standardized Testing963 Words   |  4 PagesOct 2015 Standardized Testing in Florida In recent years Florida’s standardized testing program has taken a turn for the worst. After doing away with the FCAT (Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test) the debate has only grown due to flood of new tests being created such as the Florida Standards Assessment (FSA) or End of Course Exam (EOC). These tests are administered to test students’ abilities at the end of the school year. In spring of 2015, with only two months of testing between the EOC’sRead More Standardized Testing Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesStandardized Testing Scholar Bill Ayers believes standardized testing in schools does not accurately measure what is necessary to be successful in life. Ayers insists that Standardized tests such as the American College Test (ACT) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) measure specific facts and function which are among the least interesting and slightest important information that children should know. In an article titled â€Å"Testing the Right Way for Talent†, written by Hugh Price, arguesRead MoreStandardized Testing Should Be Standardized Tests1329 Words   |  6 PagesPretty much everybody in this generation has taken a standardized test in some level of schooling. A standardized test is defined as a â€Å"test that requires all test takers to answer the same questions, or a selection of questions from a common bank of questions, in the same way, and that is scored in a standard or consistent manner, which makes it possible to compare the relative performance of individual students o r groups of students† (â€Å"Standardized Test Definition†). There is lots of debate aroundRead MoreThe Use of Standardized Testing1088 Words   |  4 Pagesthe use of standardized testing has spanned centuries, some of the earlier studies include data from the early 1900’s. According to Frazier (2009), â€Å"there is a significant difference in scores on standardized tests when students have completed a technology education program†. This study shows a correlation between the use of technology within the school system and achievement on standardized tests. Students that are exposed to technology education are more likely to do well on standardized tests. Read MoreEssay On Standardized Testing1137 Words   |  5 PagesStandardized testing in public schools has become a norm across the United States. But, in Texas it has been found that students spend more time taking standardized tests than any other state (â€Å"Too Much Testing†). Standardized testing may be an asset to measure education, or more measure testing skills across the nation, but at what cost does it come? What are its effects on moral within the public education system, and how does the state government of Texas interact within it. Why does the TexasRead MoreThe Shortcomings of Standardized Testing1636 Words   |  7 PagesSince the U.S. Congress passed the No Child Left Behind program, standardized testing has become the norm for American schools. Under this system, each child attending a school is required to take a standardized test at specific grade points to assess their level of comprehension. Parents, scholars and all stakeholders involved take part in constant discussions over its effectiveness in evaluating students’ comprehension, teachers’ competency and the effects of the test on the education system. ThoughRead MoreThe Limitations Of Standardized Testing Essay705 Words   |  3 PagesThe limitations of â€Å"standardized testingà ¢â‚¬  as a rigid and narrow criterion for gauging the educational capabilities of students in public education. The criterion for standardized testing relies on narrow areas of knowledge that define a hierarchical imposition of â€Å"intelligence† testing that forces the student to perform ion a constrained academic environment. This type of testing has become a mechanized tool to reject the individual needs of the student in a linear testing methodology. The importance

Severance Packages for Employer

Question: What is the reason for using severance packages for employer/employee separation. Answer: Introduction Regardless of the reason for separation, it is the responsibility of human resource department to end employment. As Chhaochharia Kumar and Niessen-Ruenzi (2012) stated that, if employee/employer relation ends up in a wrong manner then an employee can say adverse things about the company to the potential customers. In this assignment, the role of severance packages in post-employment procedures has been analyzed. The parameters of employment packages that constitute a need for severance agreement have also been analyzed in this assignment. Evaluation the reason for using severance packages for employer/employee separation As Bieling (2012) stated that employee turnover always becomes expensive for an organization. Poor management can increase the turnover rate of a company. According to US Bureau of statistics, the turnover rate of employees enhances the cost of business by 33% (Cadman, Carter Lynch, 2012). As Fiss Kennedy and Davis (2012) stated that, there 12 major reasons for which an ethical or skilled employees leave an organization. They are such as the rude behavior of employers, work-life imbalance, misalignment of employees, lack of feedback and coaching, lack of decision making capability and lack of opportunity for growth and promotion. On the other hand, there are some critical conditions have been found for which an employer has to terminate an employee. One of the primary reasons is inadequate job performance. Sometimes employers have to terminate employees as they are not able to meet the necessary aspects of a job. As Larkin Pierce and Gino (2012) stated that, sometimes hostile business condition forces employers to terminate employment relations. Unacceptable behavior of employees such as revealing company secrets to outsiders, sexual harassment, verbal or physical threatening and excessive absenteeism are the leading causes of employment termination. In order to retain a good relationship with all employees, it is a good business decision to provide all employees with severance packages, regardless of the reason for employer/employee separation. Wal-Mart is an organization that endorses post-employment obligations. This agreement of Wal-Mart is known as Post-termination agreement (Martin Scarpetta, 2012). According to this agreement, a transition payment is given to ex-employees during the termination period. However, transition payments will not be given to employees if they violate any Wal-Mart policy. According to the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commissions (EEOC), there are various types of severance packages that need to be given to employees. They are such as unused leave credits, health and life insurance, health and accident benefits, pension credits and supplemental unemployment benefits (Bieling, 2012). As Larkin Pierce and Gino (2012) stated that, no federal law can force an employer to provide employee severance packages. It depends on upon the agreement between employees and employers. There are some factors on which the severance package depends. They are such as: Length of employees tenure with the employers Causes for which employment relationship ends such as misconduct of employees, company downsizing Financial condition of employers (bankruptcy or economic growth) It has been found that there are mainly two types of severance packages given by organizations. One is unconditional severance packages, where the company provides some advantages to ex-employees regardless of the reason for employee termination (Martin Scarpetta, 2012). Another severance package is given by companies depending on the relationship with employees. The advantage of unconditional severance package is that it can increase the reputation of the company in the mind of employees. However, it can raise the cost of the company unnecessarily. As Larkin Pierce and Gino (2012) stated that, in conditional severance package is that, it helps to increase employee commitment towards the enterprise so that they become eligible to receive severance packages. The major flaw is that, if an ex-employee does not receive a severance package, then he can say wrong things about the company to the potential customers. Determination of the ability of severance packages to safeguard an organizations competitive advantage and sustainability Voluntary severance packages are offered by organizations at the time that can provide benefit to the company by reducing the workforce and the cost of benefits and salaries. As Larkin Pierce and Gino (2012) stated that, severance packages are like "Golden handshake," where employee and employers both get benefitted. It helps the company to recruit new and talented employees with low wages instead of giving high salary to old and inefficient employees. It will help the company to retain its sustainability in the market by strengthening its workforce (Bieling, 2012). Severance package provides executives a sustainable package upon termination. Severance package includes different types of agreement between employers and employees, which make employees financially shackled that can motivate them to stay with companies for longer period (Larkin, Pierce Gino, 2012). It reduces the turnover rate of an organization and provides a competitive advantage in the market. Conclusion After analyzing different type of severance packages, it has been found that companies provide financial incentives to employees depending on the relationship between employer and employees. It helps to enhance the workforce of the organization by retaining and introducing skilled employees within the organization. Reference list Bieling, H. J. (2012). EU facing the crisis: social and employment policies in times of tight budgets.Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research,18(3), pp.255-271. Cadman, B., Carter, M. E., Lynch, L. J. (2012). Executive Compensation Restrictions: Do They Restrict Firms Willingness to Participate in TARP?.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,39(7à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 8), pp.997-1027. Chhaochharia, V., Kumar, A., Niessen-Ruenzi, A. (2012). Local investors and corporate governance.Journal of Accounting and Economics,54(1), pp.42-67. Fiss, P. C., Kennedy, M. T., Davis, G. F. (2012). How golden parachutes unfolded: Diffusion and variation of a controversial practice.Organization Science,23(4), pp.1077-1099. Larkin, I., Pierce, L., Gino, F. (2012). The psychological costs of payà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ forà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ performance: Implications for the strategic compensation of employees.Strategic Management Journal,33(10), pp.1194-1214.

The arguments for and against the availability of Safe Injecting Rooms Essay Example

The arguments for and against the availability of Safe Injecting Rooms Essay The risks caused by injecting drug use pose a major public health problem both to injecting drug users and to the wider community. By looking at the arguments for and against the establishing of injecting rooms in any community, especially in Australia, issues are raised that must be considered in any effort to combat the problem of drugs in society. There is public agreement that injecting illicit drugs is a risky activity no matter where or how it is undertaken. Arguments for the availability of safe injecting rooms believe that even though these facilities may not eradicate drug taking, they can make the process less harmful to both the drug users and the public and thus can be a beneficial strategy in the war against drugs. However, the argument against considers injecting rooms as an unnecessary and potentially harmful entity by sending out a misleading message about societys tolerance of drugs, as well as continuing to expose addicts to the risk of overdose and other health problems. Even supporters of the availability of injecting rooms to injecting drug users (IDUs) are quick to point out that the provision of these facilities are only to make it safer, because this activity can never be safe. These venues are provided and supervised by health and welfare organisations for the use of injecting illicit drugs. The main aims of injecting rooms are to reduce the harm experienced by IDUs through reducing the risk of fatal overdose and the transmission of blood borne viruses, as well as reducing the public nuisance of drug users injecting in public places. We will write a custom essay sample on The arguments for and against the availability of Safe Injecting Rooms specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The arguments for and against the availability of Safe Injecting Rooms specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The arguments for and against the availability of Safe Injecting Rooms specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These aims are to be fulfilled through services such as the provision of sterile injecting equipment and paraphernalia and the provision of means of safe disposal of injecting equipment. The benefits of these two examples are obvious the former aids in controlling the risk of the spread of diseases such as HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C, both of greater prevalence among IDUs than in the non-injecting population, and the latter protects not only IDUs but also the public for which needle-stick injuries is a health scare. Injecting rooms are attended to by trained personnel who can provide assistance in case of overdose. An 18 month Australian trial was recently opened in Kings Cross, and in the first week a young man collapsed after shooting up in the facility because he had not used heroin for a few weeks and had a low tolerance. The nurse unit manager who was able to resuscitate him with oxygen saw this as a prime example of the sort of person weve been looking for, a person at that kind of risk (Williams, 2001, p. 9). If the condition of the IDU is more serious than the staff can handle, they can now provide ambulance officers with a known location, leading to faster response time and greater chance of survival. It also benefits the occupational safety and health for ambulance officers. Staff at the injecting room look for opportunities to advise users on less harmful methods of drug use. IDUs account for 90% of Hepatitis C cases (Wodak, 1997) as this is contracted through blood-to-blood contact, which can happen through the sharing of infected needles. For a significant reduction in Hepatitis C cases, drug users should be encouraged to adopt non-injecting routes of administration. A counsellor working in the Australian trial sees the injecting room as a fantastic opportunity to teach drug users about the risks of blood borne viruses and assisting them into treatment (Williams, 2001) and believes that because IDUs meet these workers on territory that allows them to inject in a non-judgemental environment, they are then more likely to follow through on any treatment they agree to. Injecting facilities are established as part of a strategy of harm minimisation and as such work to reduce the harm associated with injecting drug use, not to reduce the levels of drug use. Those who protest against the founding of these facilities believe injecting rooms do not help IDUs. They question the motives of the proponents of harm minimisation, unsure of whom the scheme really benefits: the bureaucrats who are hoping the problem of drugs might then go away, or the community who are tired of drug users who are considered public nuisances, as it appears not to benefit the addicts where it is a case of out of sight, out of mind (NSWCC, 1998). Another fear that people have against the establishing of injecting rooms is that the drug trade will only benefit and increase in relation, as dealers and pushers will know where to go to target those who are looking for drugs so they can then go into an injecting facility to shoot up. This is seen as aiding in the commission of crimes and facilitating illicit drug trafficking (Riley and Humphries, 2000) and the NSW government has had to reassure the public that the trial being run in Kings Cross is not breaching any drug treaties signed by Australia (Riley et al, 2000). However, the fact remains that injecting drug use is illegal and for the trials to be run, the facility has to be protected from the law. At the same time, to be successful and keep the drug trade from booming in the areas around the facility, police would have to protect the very facility that is allowing illegal activity to continue! One area of dispute in the argument for and against injecting rooms is the information that has been published about trials in Switzerland, Germany and the Netherlands. Those for the establishment of injecting rooms have used news such as Swiss injecting rooms not having one fatal overdose since they were established 10 years ago (Wodak, 1997) or that the rate of fatal overdoses in Frankfurt, Germany went down from 150 to 30 within four years of opening injecting rooms (ADF, 1998) as evidence that injecting rooms beneficial. Those against take care to point out that any fatal overdoses that happen to IDUs who inject their drugs in a injecting facility but do not collapse until outside the facility are not counted (Muehlenberg, 1999) and that although the rate of fatal overdoses has reduced, many users are continuing to inject drugs without any thought of quitting their habit. Also, the situation in Europe cannot be directly applied to Australia and so any evidence from the overseas trials should be approached carefully. For example, in Amsterdam certain drugs considered illicit here are legal there and are much more easily obtained and as such the injecting facilities are dealing with different conditions. Another worry involved in the founding of injecting facilities is the mixed messages it may be sending to the youth in society (Wodak, 1997) as it seems that the existence of such a facility says that society approves of drugs by making somewhere comfortable, secure and legal for them to inject drugs; yet at the same time the government continues to pay for advertisements that tell the youth of Australia to not be involved in drug use. It sends messages to existing addicts that society feels it has failed in trying to help them quit and has given up by allowing them to have places where they can freely indulge their habit (NSWCC, 1998). Those opposing injecting rooms sees the founding of these injecting places as comparable to building more pubs for alcoholics, and serves only to create life long addicts who risk dying every time they inject illicit drugs (Muehlenberg, 1999). Those against setting up injecting rooms believe the biggest flaw of the argument of those for injecting rooms is that they pose two alternatives only: would society want addicts injecting in dirty back alleys rather than in clean injecting rooms? (Muehlenberg, 1999) When faced with this decision, it is obvious that people would rather have injecting rooms for the health of IDUs and their own. However, those against injecting rooms believe that there is a third option not taking drugs at all. They believe that programs of education, treatment and rehabilitation for addicts and harsher law enforcement against dealers will be adequate in combating the problem of drugs in society. Realistically it is hard for all addicts to quit and go into rehabilitation without an intermediate step and there are those who believe that injecting rooms can fulfil this purpose. In conclusion, it can be seen that both arguments are based in fact and have the welfare and best interest of IDUs at heart. Those for the establishment of injecting rooms are correct in stating that these facilities can help make the process of injecting illicit drugs safer and cleaner and thus better for the health of IDUs, and are a starting point for counselling and treatment of IDUs who wish to quit their habit. Those against injecting rooms are also right in noting that injecting drugs is an illegal activity and one that continues to be dangerous to addicts even when supervised in sterile conditions due to the detrimental effect of drugs on the human body. However, if the issues raised by both sides can be considered objectively with a view to helping IDUs to first lower the deaths through overdose then to gradually stop them from continuing their damaging habits, then a comprehensive solution may be found that can incorporate injecting rooms as a response against drugs in the community.

Structural Family Therapy Essays

Structural Family Therapy Essays Structural Family Therapy Essay Structural Family Therapy Essay Institution Structural Family Therapy Name Instructors Name Course Number 31, May 2014 Abstract This research paper discusses Structural Family Therapy in relation to its development, tenets, application, and comparison to other methods. It was established that Munich was at the forefront of developing the approach due to the realization that human problems cannot be solved individualistically. Instead, they should be solved in the context of family structure since it affects behavior profoundly. Some of the critical tenets of SIFT included the family and the presentation of the problems as an issue of he system rather than the affected party. In regard to the process of application, it was noted that a family does not need to meet given requirement in order to enable the application of SIFT. Identification and Overview of the Approach Development of Structural Approach Components of SET Family Problem Presentation Process of Therapeutic Change Application of the Approach during Family Therapy Similarities, Differences and New Lessons Learnt Identification and Overview of the Approach Structural Family Therapy (SET) is found as a model of family treatment that s based on systematic theories conceived by Salvador Munich with the help of other psychologists at the Child Guidance Clinic of Philadelphia (Carr, 2000). In essence, the approach is found on the premises that effective therapy is fostered by the change of structure within the family setting. It stipulates that the treatment process must focus on the details Of personal change so that individuals restructure to attain a healthy pattern of relations. It seeks to address the afflictions experienced in the functioning of the family by helping the members to understand the informally stipulated rules that over its relationships and roles. This implies that the essence of family therapy does not rest on the individual prospects, but the ideologies of the family system in entirety. One of the most crucial aspects of SET is the fact that therapist, in their attempt to bring positive change, integrate with the family, become temporal members, and start learning the ways of the system in order to transform it (Dallas Draper, 2010). Development of Structural Approach In essence, the conception of SIFT was necessitated by the need to provide a ay of treating family problems based on the system rather than using individualistic approaches. The history of this approach dates back to 1 960 when the Munich conducted therapy in one of the schools in New York known as Williwaw (Dilatation Jonas, 2010). Whereas the conception of this approach cannot be necessarily situated at that point, its development is attributed strongly to the Munchkins effort to establish it in this school. In other words, his application of the approach in Wilt. Yuck School is considered as a critical undertaking that catcalled the entire development Of SIFT. In this regard, the boys from Willingly School originated from disorganized families that had multiple problems occasioned by poverty. The psychologist noted that the society relied on psychotherapeutic methods that required verbal articulations and targeted the middle class. As a result, the techniques resulted to very negligible transformational impacts on the students. In fact, it was discovered that most of the students lost the insight once they returned home (Doherty McDaniel, 2010). Consequently, it called for psychologists to develop alternative approaches for the counseling. Munich started developing the method by seeking to change transform families into therapeutic entities. The focus shifted from the individualistic perspective to the use of techniques that manipulate family Structures when solving delinquency problems (Gerhardt, 2012). Having focused on the problem as a family matter, Munich developed techniques that were suitable for the diagnosis of poor socioeconomic families in the community (Donahue Czarina, 2012). This diverted the attention of psychologists from the common individualistic approach to the use of the family system. At this point, Munich helped to create concepts that formed the foundation of a model that was exposed after one decade. Since the model was used on a fairly small population, Munich and his colleagues decided to test its validity by using a bigger cross-sectional population. After the test, the results evoked critical connotations between the perspectives of Munich and Haley. The two authors differed essentially, but their controversies formed the basis of improving their respective models of counseling. Having applied the approach to the boys at Willowy School successfully, one Of the clinical enters in Philadelphia invited Munich to their premises in order to help youthful diabetic children. It was noted that the children had inbuilt problems that did not have medical explanations (Gerhardt, 2012). In addition, it was established that those problems did not respond to classical personal treatments. Munich collected and analyzed medical data from the clinical facility to determine the cause of these unexplainable problems. Along with his colleagues, he established that there was a close connection between the psychological afflictions and the family characteristics. It was established that most of these children came from families that exhibited similar characteristics, including extreme protectiveness, conservativeness of behaviors, and lack of conflict resolution among other critical features. Having succeeded in the diagnosis of these patients, Munich pushed for the creation of clear stipulations that could increase the flexibility of families in light of their undertakings and resolution of family conflicts. This triggered the establishment of the Philadelphia Training Center, in 1970, where Munich educated therapists about the ideologies of SIFT. In 1972, Munich developed and published a systematic stipulation of SIFT that contained distinct theories and concepts. The formulation was based on the concept of helping a family to develop from One level into another (Simi, 2010). It was focused on the realignment of family relationships so that the family could maximize its potential holistically rather than transforming the individual members. Components of SIFT Among the various tenets of this approach, family is the most critical aspects that define the essence of this model of counseling. It is defined as living pen system where the components are independent of each other, but they are governed by unformulated ruled to maintain patterns of relationships. In essence, those set of rules that govern these relationships make up the structure (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). The family is subject to essential influences from the external aspects so that its structure is not only shaped by the members, but also the environment within which it lives (Rivet, 2010). This implies that the family rules can be conceived by the member or enforced by the culture of the people surrounding it. In addition, the family is transformational entity because the mentioned rules keep on changing continuously according to the negotiations that take place. These rules change naturally to coincide with the broad life circles and become more effective in relation to the system. The change is considered as the tool of re- accommodating the arising circumstances in the environment and adapt to them (German, 2010). For example, if one of the family members is incapacitated, then the rest should come up with ways of tackling his or her roles to avoid any gaps in the family. However, in some instances, the moon setting of continuous change and readjustment can be halted. In this case, a family can refute responding to some circumstances occasioned by the internal and external environment (Lowe, 2004). Problem Presentation The other critical tenet of SIFT is the presentation of the problem and the way in which it is viewed by the psychologists (Rumba, 2010). In this regard, it is evident that the problem is considered as part of the family structure rather than an issue of the individual. This implies that, when answering the question of whether a child is disciplined or not, one must consider the Truckee of the family before making a decision. Further, it means that the actions of indiscipline must be put into context with the underlying ideologies, rules, and beliefs of the family system. For example, it must be established whether the child is more undisciplined towards the mother or a father. In addition, the therapist could establish when the child turns aggressive in order to understand the circumstances that trigger the actions of indiscipline (Myrrh Whims, 2012). Importantly, it is critical when determining how other members of the family respond to the aggressiveness in order to measure he extent to which reactions accelerate of reduce the rate of misbehaver. In regard to this model, the issues raised by the patients are viewed as critical components of the family system so that the solution can originate from the structure Only (Wine, 2010). In essence, the restructuring involves the changing of relative positions of the family members. The process calls for the redefinition of critical relations in relation to the hierarchical and coalition interactions (Nichols Schwartz, 2005). This implies that the therapeutic change facilitates transformation of sustained patterns comprising of the robber. Since SIFT requires the therapists to act as a member of the family, they have the capability to request different behaviors and change the perceptions. By influencing the behaviors and perceptions, the therapist is cap blew of changing the interaction of the family embracements to coincide with the prevailing environmental conditions (Rumba, 2013). Application of the Approach during Family Therapy In the light of the application of this approach, it is important to understand that the model is not a mere collection of techniques applied to the problem. Instead, it is a practical and systematic model based on the premises that problems can be conceptualized and diagnosed in the context of their relationships (Pock, 2010). Further, the application must be based on the fact that the family is an existing entity that has a past and future. These two aspects influence the behaviors, beliefs, and ideologies of the family members. In essence, there are no particular specifications that the problem should envisage in order to apply SET. Whereas it is unthinkable that that the model cannot be applied in some situations, it is critically important to notice hat some situations impede the effectiveness of the approach (Wine, 2010). For example, if a child is hospitalized for diagnosis, it is difficult to trigger the change of the family structure. This implies that the efforts to change the family structure are essentially ineffective due to the separation Of the child from the members whose relationships should be changed (Lange, 2010). While considering psychoanalytical approach, it was noted that the two methods focus on the rules and relationships of the family in light of interacting with each other. However, it was noted that diagnosis is not based n changing the structure of the family.

See instructions-SIP analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

See instructions-SIP analysis - Essay Example es Climate, Achievement and Participation (CAP), all of which are part of the student learning and betterment of provision of educational services to them. Goals set by the district such as enhanced achievement of students, professional achievement of instructors and expansion of recruitment of qualified teachers. The inquiry process incorporates key strengths that should be a part of the improvement plan along with priority concerns related to â€Å"student achievement, instruction, remediation strategies, program implementation and professional development†. For each priority concern, the root causes and solutions are given. Master design plan, section A includes action and monitoring plans that should be taken in the lieu of improvement. For action plan, resources for implementation, time period and responsible people are described, similarly in monitoring plan, the success for implementation measurement, time period and responsible people are elaborated. In section B of master design plan, the evaluating plan for implementation is given that is helpful for measuring success of the plan. Under the heading of completing the SIP plan, several questions are asked, which should be answered using the concepts of CAP. These questions are related to policies and practices, testing systems, instructional strategies, available resources, funding, etc. At the end, budget for the overall cost of carrying out the plan is given that incorporates funds required for goals accomplishment and funds available. The School Improvement Plan can be linked to School Assessment Results based on goals and objectives designed for the improvement of student education. There are many programs that are started by the school management in order to get good results such as â€Å"Success For All† reading program, â€Å"Everyday Math† program and writing programs such as â€Å"Set-Up to Writing†, â€Å"Write Traits†, â€Å"Thinking Maps† for enhancing writing skills of students. The School

Everything is Illuminated, The Mission, and Little Buddah Movie Review

Everything is Illuminated, The Mission, and Little Buddah - Movie Review Example Jonathon makes the journey to Ukraine to try and find the mystery woman who helped his grandfather during his time of need. Another meaning from the statement that Jonathon gives is that he wants to discover his own background. Something that Jonathon maybe think is about is the fact that he would not exist without this woman helping his grandfather. If there is a chance that she is still alive, then Jonathon wants to meet her and possibly thank her. Jews by nature are very religious people who have had a long and turbulent history. It is this history that helps them to keep going. Modern day Jews wants the story of the Holocaust to be taught because they do not want the wrongs of the past to be repeated in the future. Jonathon feels like his history is an important part of who he is today, so he should do everything possible to learn from his ancestors. While Jonathon may not be finding information key to the Jewish religion, he appreciates the fact that he is Jewish and wants to le arn more about his history. 2. Alex’s grandfather initially had a negative attitude towards Jews; he keeps referring to Jonathon as â€Å"Yid,† which can sometimes be used as a derogatory term for Jewish people. There are some Jews who call themselves this term, so there is still some debate as to whether Yid puts down Jews or not. Alex’s grandfather’s attitude towards Jews does change over the course of the film, but this is largely due to the journey that everyone takes. This change is unusual in a way because Alex’s grandfather has always had a negative view of Jews, probably because of the area of Ukraine that he was brought up in. Another reason could be that he has dealt with so many Jews looking to travel to Ukraine that he has grown accustomed to Jews as customers rather than friends. Also, the fact that he is an old man makes it all the more unlikely that he changed his view of Jews after traveling with one through the Ukrainian countrysid e. But, after seeing Jonathon make a journey to pursue some of his history, and the fact that everyone got along well, Alex’s grandfather begins to understand that his previous view of Jews was in fact wrong. 3. The Christian religion is shown in a both a positive and negative light, depending on the characters involved. The positive representation of Christianity is shown when the Jesuits go into the forest and help the native people by teaching them to read, building schools and churches, and offering them a way out of their primitive state. Along the way, the Jesuits even manage to convince a mercenary, Mendoza, to join them. They had no reason to do this except to pick someone up at their lowest point. The negative representation of Christianity is shown by the Jesuit Order in Europe and the Catholic Church, which pursue an aggressive strategy of eliminating the new converts from their land simply due to border and land disputes. The scenes showing church leaders in Europ e give the impression that the Christian church wants to conquer the world with no respect for the native people they come across. The message given about Christianity is a balanced one; missionaries such as Father Gabriel choose not to fight because it goes against what he believes while Mendoza believes that Christians should have the right to protect themselves. The film does not offer an opinion on which belief is the greater one; it only presents a situation that